RealFinHQ
Home / Calculators / Depreciation Calculator

Rental Property Depreciation Calculator

Calculate your annual IRS depreciation deduction, tax savings, and full 27.5-year MACRS schedule for residential rental property.

Property Type

Property Details

Land is not depreciable. Typically 15–25% of price. = $70,000

Capital improvements, not repairs or closing costs

Placed In Service

IRS mid-month convention applies to year 1

Tax Estimate

Used to estimate annual tax savings only

Annual Depreciation

$10,181.82

$848.48/month

Tax Savings / Year

$2,850.91

at 28% tax rate

First-Year Deduction

$9,757.58

Placed in service: January

First-Year Tax Savings

$2,732.12

27.5-year recovery period

Depreciable Basis Breakdown

Purchase Price$350,000
Less: Land Value− $70,000
Plus: Improvements+ $0
= Depreciable Basis$280,000
÷ Recovery Period (27.5 yrs)27.5 yrs
Annual Depreciation$10,181.82
Straight-Line MACRS Formula: Annual Depreciation = (Purchase Price − Land Value + Improvements) ÷ 27.5 Year 1 = Annual × (12.5 − Month Placed) ÷ 12  [IRS mid-month convention]

Depreciation Schedule (27.5 Years)

Total: $280,000
YearDeductionCumulativeRemaining Basis
Year 1$9,757.58$9,758$270,242
Year 2$10,181.82$19,939$260,061
Year 3$10,181.82$30,121$249,879
Year 4$10,181.82$40,303$239,697
Year 5$10,181.82$50,485$229,515
Year 6$10,181.82$60,667$219,333
Year 7$10,181.82$70,848$209,152
Year 8$10,181.82$81,030$198,970
Year 9$10,181.82$91,212$188,788
Year 10$10,181.82$101,394$178,606

Advertisement

Depreciation FAQs

How is rental property depreciation calculated?

Residential rental property is depreciated using the straight-line MACRS method over 27.5 years. Divide the depreciable basis (purchase price minus land value, plus improvements) by 27.5 to get your annual deduction. The first year uses the IRS mid-month convention — the deduction is prorated based on the month the property was placed in service.

Is land depreciable?

No — land never wears out, so the IRS does not allow it to be depreciated. Only the structure and qualifying improvements are depreciable. You must subtract land value from the purchase price before calculating depreciation.

What is the depreciation life of a residential rental property?

The IRS requires residential rental property to be depreciated over 27.5 years using straight-line MACRS. Commercial rental property has a 39-year recovery period. Land improvements (fences, paving) use a 15-year life, and personal property items (appliances, carpet) use 5 or 7 years.

What is depreciation recapture when I sell?

When you sell a rental property, the IRS 'recaptures' the depreciation you claimed by taxing it at up to 25% (Section 1250 recapture rate), which is typically higher than the long-term capital gains rate. A 1031 exchange can defer both capital gains tax and depreciation recapture.

What is cost segregation and how does it increase depreciation?

Cost segregation is an IRS-approved tax strategy where a qualified engineer reclassifies building components into shorter depreciation lives (5, 7, or 15 years instead of 27.5). This front-loads depreciation deductions into earlier years, accelerating your tax savings. It is most beneficial for properties valued at $500,000 or more.